Ese ingufu zisubirwamo zizasobanura ikoranabuhanga ejo hazaza?

Mu ntangiriro ya 1900, abahanga mu by'ingufu batangiye guteza imbere amashanyarazi.Babonye amashanyarazi menshi kandi yizewe mu gutwika ibicanwa nka makara na peteroli.Thomas Edison yanze ko ayo masoko atanga ingufu, avuga ko sosiyete ikura ingufu mu bintu bisanzwe, nk'izuba n'umuyaga.

Muri iki gihe, ibicanwa biva mu kirere ni byo bitanga ingufu nyinshi ku isi.Mugihe abaguzi benshi bamenye ingaruka mbi z’ibidukikije, abantu batangiye gukoresha ingufu zishobora kubaho.Ihinduka ry’isi yose ku mbaraga zisukuye ryagize ingaruka ku iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu nganda kandi riteza imbere amashanyarazi mashya, ibikoresho na sisitemu.

Photovoltaque nibindi bitera imbere

Mugihe icyifuzo cyingufu zishobora kwiyongera, abanyamwuga batezimbere ikoranabuhanga rishya no kwagura isoko.Imirasire y'izuba nigicuruzwa kinini kwisi murwego rwingufu zisukuye.Ba injeniyeri bashinzwe ibidukikije bakoze pansiyo yerekana amashanyarazi (PV) kugirango bongere imikorere yingufu zisukuye.

Ubu buhanga bukoresha selile zifotora kugirango zorohereze electroni mumwanya, bityo zitange ingufu zamashanyarazi.Umurongo w'itumanaho ukusanya umurongo w'amashanyarazi ukawuhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Ibikoresho bya Photovoltaque biroroshye cyane, bifasha abantu kubishyira hejuru yinzu no ahandi hantu heza.

Itsinda ryaba injeniyeri n’ibidukikije bafashe tekinoroji ya Photovoltaque barayitezimbere, bakora verisiyo ijyanye ninyanja.Inzobere mu bijyanye n’ingufu za Singapore zikoresheje imashanyarazi ireremba hejuru y’izuba rireremba.Isabwa ryinshi ryingufu zisukuye hamwe n’umusaruro muke wagize ingaruka ku iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga kandi rihindura urwego rw’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa.

Irindi terambere ryikoranabuhanga ryibasiwe ningufu zishobora kuvugururwa ni sitasiyo yumuriro wizuba kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi (EV).Izi sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zirimo amashanyarazi ya fotora ashobora kubyara amashanyarazi meza kurubuga no kuyagaburira mumodoka.Ababigize umwuga barateganya gushyira ibyo bikoresho mububiko bw'ibiribwa no mu maduka kugira ngo abashoferi b'amashanyarazi babone ingufu zishobora kubaho.

Sisitemu ihuza kandi ikora neza

Urwego rushobora kongera ingufu narwo rugira uruhare mu iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryubwenge.Ibikoresho byubwenge hamwe na sisitemu bizigama ingufu kandi bigabanye umuvuduko kuri gride isukuye.Iyo abantu bahujije ikoranabuhanga, barashobora kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no kuzigama amafaranga.

Igikoresho gishya cyubwenge gifata umurenge utuyemo ni thermostat yigenga.Abafite amazu yangiza ibidukikije barimo gushiraho ikoranabuhanga kugirango barusheho kuramba no kuramba hejuru yizuba hejuru yizuba hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga rifite ingufu.Smartmostat yubwenge ikoresha interineti yibintu (IoT) kugirango wongere Wi-Fi kubikorwa byiterambere.

Ibi bikoresho birashobora gusoma iteganyagihe ryaho kandi bigahindura ubushyuhe bwimbere kugirango bigabanye ingufu muminsi myiza.Bakoresha kandi ibyuma byerekana ibyuma kugirango bagabanye inyubako ahantu henshi.Iyo agace karimo ubusa, sisitemu izimya ingufu zo kuzigama ingufu.

Igicu gishingiye ku bumenyi bwa tekinoroji nacyo gishyigikira imikorere myiza.Abaturage naba nyiri ubucuruzi barashobora gukoresha sisitemu mugutezimbere umutekano wamakuru no kunoza uburyo bwo kubika amakuru.Igicu cya tekinoroji kandi itezimbere uburyo bwo kurinda amakuru, ifasha abantu kuzigama amafaranga ningufu.

Kubika ingufu zisubirwamo

Ububiko bwa peteroli ya hydrogène nubundi buryo bwiterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryibasiwe ningufu zishobora kongera ingufu.Imwe mu mbogamizi za sisitemu zifite ingufu zisukuye nka panneaux solaire na turbine z'umuyaga nuko zifite ubushobozi buke bwo kubika.Ibyo bikoresho byombi birashobora gutanga ingufu zisubirwamo muminsi yizuba numuyaga, ariko biragoye guhaza ibyo abakoresha bakeneye mugihe ikirere gihindutse.

Ikoreshwa rya peteroli ya hydrogène yatezimbere uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zishobora kubaho kandi itanga amashanyarazi ahagije.Iri koranabuhanga rihuza imirasire y'izuba hamwe na turbine z'umuyaga n'ibikoresho binini bya batiri.Sisitemu ishobora kuvugururwa imaze kwishyuza bateri, amashanyarazi anyura muri electrolyzer, agabanya ibisohoka muri hydrogen na ogisijeni.

Sisitemu yo kubika irimo hydrogene, ikora imbaraga nyinshi zitanga ingufu.Iyo amashanyarazi akenewe, hydrogène inyura muri enterineti kugirango itange amashanyarazi akoreshwa mumazu, imodoka zamashanyarazi nibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki.

Ikoranabuhanga rirambye kuri horizon

Nka murwego rwingufu zishobora gukomeza kwaguka, kurushaho gushyigikirwa no guhuza

tekinoloji izinjira ku isoko.Itsinda ryaba injeniyeri barimo guteza imbere imodoka yamashanyarazi yonyine ifite igisenge gifotowe.Imodoka ikora ku mirasire y'izuba itanga.

Abandi bateza imbere barimo gukora microgrid isukuye ikoresha ingufu zisubirwamo gusa.Ibihugu hamwe nintara ntoya birashobora gukoresha ubwo buhanga kugirango bigere ku ntego zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere ikirere.Ibihugu bikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryingufu zisukuye birashobora kugabanya ikirere cya karubone no kongera amashanyarazi.