Mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ikiremwamuntu kizakenera gucukumbura.
Nubwo ubuso bwumubumbe wacu bufite imigisha itagira ingano yizuba numuyaga, tugomba kubaka imirasire yizuba hamwe na turbine yumuyaga kugirango dukoreshe izo mbaraga zose - tutibagiwe na bateri zo kubibika.Ibyo bizakenera ibikoresho byinshi biva munsi yisi.Ikibabaje kurushaho, tekinoroji yicyatsi ishingiye kumabuye y'agaciro akunze kuba make, yibanda mubihugu bike kandi kuyakuramo bigoye.
Iyi ntampamvu yo gukomera hamwe nibicanwa byanduye.Ariko abantu bake ni bo bamenya imbaraga zikenewe zingufu zishobora kubaho.Raporo iheruka gutangwa n'ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu yatanze umuburo igira iti: “Guhindura ingufu zisukuye bivuze kuva mu bicanwa bikagera kuri sisitemu.”
Reba ibisabwa bike-bya minisiteri ikomoka kuri gaze ya karubone nyinshi.Uruganda rusanzwe rwa gazi rufite megawatt imwe yubushobozi - bihagije kugirango amashanyarazi arenga 800 - afata kg 1.000 yubutare.Ku gihingwa cyamakara kingana, ni kg 2,500.Megawatt y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ugereranije, isaba hafi 7,000 ya minerval, mugihe umuyaga wo hanze ukoresha kg zirenga 15.000.Wibuke, izuba n'umuyaga ntabwo buri gihe biboneka, ugomba rero kubaka imirasire y'izuba hamwe na turbine z'umuyaga kugirango ubyare amashanyarazi yumwaka nkuruganda rwa peteroli.
Ubudasa burasa no gutwara abantu.Imodoka isanzwe ikoreshwa na gaze irimo kg 35 zibyuma, cyane cyane umuringa na manganese.Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ntizikeneye gusa inshuro ebyiri ibyo bintu byombi, ahubwo zikenera na lithium, nikel, cobalt na grafite - hejuru ya 200 kg yose hamwe..
Muri rusange, nk’uko ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu kibitangaza, kugera ku ntego z’ikirere cya Paris bizasobanura ko mu mwaka wa 2040 hagabanywa kane amabuye y'agaciro. Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigomba kuzamuka cyane.Isi izakenera inshuro 21 nkuko ikoresha ubu na 42 muri lithium.
Hagomba rero kubaho imbaraga zisi zose zo guteza imbere ibirombe bishya ahantu hashya.Ndetse n'inyanja ntishobora kurenga imipaka.Abashinzwe ibidukikije, bahangayikishijwe no kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ikintu, kandi rwose, tugomba gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ncukure neza.Ariko amaherezo, tugomba kumenya ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere aricyo kibazo kinini cyibidukikije muri iki gihe cyacu.Umubare wibyangiritse byaho ni igiciro cyemewe cyo kuzigama isi.
Igihe nicyo kintu.Iyo amabuye y'agaciro amaze kuvumburwa ahantu runaka, ntashobora no gutangira kuva mubutaka kugeza nyuma yo gutegura igihe kirekire, kubyemerera no kubaka.Mubisanzwe bifata imyaka irenga 15.
Hariho inzira dushobora gukuramo bimwe mubitutu kugirango tubone ibikoresho bishya.Imwe muriyo ni ugusubiramo.Mu myaka icumi iri imbere, hafi 20% by'ibyuma bya bateri nshya y'amashanyarazi bishobora gukizwa muri bateri yakoreshejwe nibindi bikoresho nkibikoresho byubaka bishaje hamwe na elegitoroniki yajugunywe.
Tugomba kandi gushora mubushakashatsi kugirango dutezimbere ikoranabuhanga rishingiye kubintu byinshi.Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, habaye intambwe igaragara mu gukora bateri yo mu kirere, byoroshye kubyara umusaruro kuruta bateri yiganjemo lithium-ion.Ikoranabuhanga nk'iryo riracyari inzira, ariko ni ikintu gishobora gukumira ikibazo cy'amabuye y'agaciro.
Hanyuma, ibi nibutsa ko ibyo ukoresha byose bifite ikiguzi.Buri sima yingufu dukoresha igomba kuva ahantu runaka.Nibyiza niba amatara yawe akoresha ingufu z'umuyaga aho kuba amakara, ariko ibyo biracyasaba ibikoresho.Ingufu zingirakamaro hamwe nimpinduka zimyitwarire zirashobora kugabanya ibibazo.Niba uhinduye amatara yawe yaka kuri LED hanyuma ukazimya amatara yawe mugihe udakeneye, uzakoresha amashanyarazi make hanyuma rero ibikoresho bike.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-28-2021