Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ugushyingo 2021, ubushobozi bushya bwo gufotora bushya mu Bushinwa bwari 34.8GW, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 34.5%.Urebye ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyubushobozi bwashyizweho muri 2020 kizaba mu Kuboza, umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwumwaka wose wa 2021 uzaba uri munsi yibyateganijwe ku isoko.Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zifotora mu Bushinwa ryagabanije ibipimo ngarukamwaka byashyizweho na 10GW kugeza 45-55GW.
Nyuma ya karubone nyuma ya 2030 nintego yo kutabogama kwa karubone muri 2060 ishyizwe imbere, abantu bingeri zose bemeza ko inganda zifotora zizatangiza amateka yiterambere rya zahabu, ariko izamuka ryibiciro muri 2021 ryateje imbere inganda zikabije.
Kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, uruganda rwamafoto rwamashanyarazi rugabanijwemo ibice bine byo gukora: ibikoresho bya silicon, wafer ya silicon, selile na modules, hiyongereyeho ingufu za sitasiyo, yose hamwe.
Nyuma yintangiriro ya 2021, igiciro cya wafer ya silicon, gutwara selile, ikirahure kirenze, firime ya EVA, inyuma, ikadiri nibindi bikoresho bifasha biziyongera.Igiciro cya module cyasubijwe inyuma kuri 2 yuan / W hashize imyaka itatu, kandi kizaba 1.57 muri 2020. Yuan / W.Mu myaka icumi ishize cyangwa irenga, ibiciro byibice byakurikiranye muburyo bumwe bwo kumanuka, kandi ihinduka ryibiciro muri 2021 ryabujije ubushake bwo gushyiraho amashanyarazi munsi.
Mugihe kizaza, iterambere ridahwanye ryamahuriro atandukanye murwego rwinganda zifotora bizakomeza.Guharanira umutekano wurwego rutanga ni ikibazo cyingenzi kubigo byose.Imihindagurikire y’ibiciro izagabanya cyane igipimo cyo kubahiriza no kwangiza izina ryinganda.
Hashingiwe ku biteganijwe kumanuka ku giciro cy’urunani rw’inganda hamwe n’imishinga minini y’imbere mu gihugu, Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda Photovoltaic rivuga ko ubushobozi bwo gufotora bushya mu 2022 bushobora kurenga 75GW.Muri byo, ikirere cyagabanijwe gifotora kirimo kugenda buhoro buhoro, kandi isoko ritangiye kumera.
Bitewe nintego ebyiri-za karubone, igishoro kirimo kwihatira kongera amashanyarazi, icyiciro gishya cyo kwagura ubushobozi cyatangiye, kurenga imiterere nubusumbane buracyahari, ndetse birashobora gukomera.Kurugamba hagati yabakinnyi bashya nabakera, imiterere yinganda byanze bikunze.
1 still Haracyari umwaka mwiza kubikoresho bya silicon
Mugihe cyo kuzamuka kwibiciro muri 2021, ibice bine byingenzi byinganda zifotora bizaba bitaringaniye.
Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri, ibiciro by'ibikoresho bya silikoni, wafer ya silicon, izuba, na modul byiyongereyeho 165%, 62,6%, 20%, na 10.8%.Kwiyongera kw'ibiciro biterwa no gutanga ibikoresho byinshi bya silicon hamwe no kubura ibiciro byinshi.Amasosiyete ya silicon yibanda cyane nayo yasaruye inyungu mugice cya mbere cyumwaka.Mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka, inyungu zagabanutse kubera irekurwa ry'ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora no kunanirwa kw'ibicuruzwa bihendutse;ubushobozi bwo gutambutsa ibiciro kuri bateri na module birangira Biragaragara ko bidakomeye, kandi inyungu zangiritse cyane.
Hamwe no gufungura irushanwa rishya ryubushobozi, isaranganya ryinyungu kuruhande rwinganda ruzahinduka mumwaka wa 2022: Ibikoresho bya silicon bikomeje kubyara inyungu, amarushanwa ya silicon wafer arakaze, kandi biteganijwe ko inyungu za batiri na module zizagaruka.
Umwaka utaha, muri rusange gutanga no gukenera ibikoresho bya silicon bizakomeza kuringaniza, kandi ikigo cyibiciro kizamanuka, ariko iyi link izakomeza inyungu nyinshi.Muri 2021, itangwa rya toni zigera kuri 580.000 z'ibikoresho bya silikoni ahanini bihura nibisabwa kwishyiriraho;icyakora, ugereranije na silicon wafer irangirana nubushobozi burenga 300 GW, irabura, biganisha ku kwihuta, guhunika, no kuzamura ibiciro ku isoko.
Nubwo inyungu nyinshi yibikoresho bya silicon mumwaka wa 2021 byatumye umusaruro wiyongera, kubera inzitizi nyinshi zinjira hamwe nigihe kinini cyo kwagura umusaruro, ikinyuranyo cyubushobozi bwo gukora hamwe na wafer ya silicon umwaka utaha kizakomeza kugaragara.
Mu mpera za 2022, umusaruro wa polysilicon yo mu gihugu uzaba toni 850.000 / umwaka.Urebye ubushobozi bwo gukora hanze, burashobora guhaza 230GW.Mu mpera za 2022, amasosiyete ya Top5 ya silicon yonyine niyo azongeramo 100GW yubushobozi bushya, kandi ubushobozi bwa wafer ya silicon buzaba hafi 500GW.
Urebye ibintu bitazwi nkumuvuduko wo kurekura ubushobozi, ibipimo bibiri byo kugenzura ingufu zikoreshwa, hamwe no kuvugurura, ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora silikoni buzagabanuka mugice cya mbere cyumwaka wa 2022, burenze kubisabwa bikabije, hamwe nibisabwa hamwe nibisabwa.Gutanga impagarara mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka bizagabanuka neza.
Ukurikije ibiciro bya silicon, igice cya mbere cya 2022 kizagabanuka gahoro gahoro, kandi kugabanuka birashobora kwihuta mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka.Igiciro cyumwaka gishobora kuba 150.000-200,000 yuan / toni.
Nubwo iki giciro cyamanutse kuva 2021, kiracyari hejuru rwose mumateka, kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha ubushobozi ninyungu zabakora inganda zizakomeza kuba hejuru.
Bitewe nigiciro, ibikoresho hafi ya byose bya silicon yo murugo bimaze guta gahunda yo kwagura umusaruro.Muri rusange, inzinguzingo yumushinga wibikoresho bya silicon ni amezi 18, igipimo cyo kurekura ubushobozi bwumusaruro kiratinda, guhuza ubushobozi bwumusaruro nabyo ni bito, kandi amafaranga yo gutangira no guhagarika ni menshi.Terminal imaze gutangira guhinduka, ibikoresho bya silicon ihuza bizagwa muburyo bworoshye.
Itangwa ryigihe gito ryibikoresho bya silicon rikomeje kuba rito, kandi ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro buzakomeza gusohoka mumyaka 2-3 iri imbere, kandi itangwa rishobora kurenga kubisabwa mugihe giciriritse kandi kirekire.
Kugeza ubu, ubushobozi buteganijwe bwo gutanga umusaruro bwatangajwe n’amasosiyete ya silicon yarenze toni miliyoni 3, bushobora kuzuza ibisabwa 1200GW.Urebye ubushobozi bunini bwubakwa, iminsi myiza kumasosiyete ya silicon irashobora kuba 2022 gusa.
2 era Igihe cya silicon yunguka cyane kirangiye
Muri 2022, igice cya silicon wafer kizaryoha imbuto zisharira zo kongera umusaruro mwinshi kandi gihinduke igice cyarushanwe.Inyungu no kwibanda ku nganda bizagabanuka, kandi bizasezera ku myaka itanu yunguka cyane.
Bitewe nintego ebyiri-za karubone, inyungu-nyinshi, igice gito cya silicon wafer igice gitoneshwa nigishoro.Inyungu zirenga zigenda zishira buhoro buhoro hamwe no kwagura ubushobozi bwumusaruro, kandi izamuka ryibiciro byibikoresho bya silicon byihutisha isuri yinyungu za silicon.Mugice cya kabiri cya 2022, hamwe nogusohora ibikoresho bishya bya silicon, intambara yibiciro irashobora kubaho kumpera ya silicon.Icyo gihe, inyungu zizagabanywa cyane, kandi bumwe mubushobozi bwa kabiri nubwa gatatu bushobora kubyara isoko.
Hamwe no guhamagarira ibikoresho bya silicon yo hejuru hamwe nibiciro bya wafer, hamwe no gushyigikirwa gukomeye gukenewe kubushobozi bwashyizweho, inyungu yizuba hamwe nibigize muri 2022 bizasanwa, kandi ntihazakenera kubabazwa no gutemba.
3 manufacturing Gukora Photovoltaque gukora ibintu bishya birushanwe
Dukurikije imyanzuro yavuzwe haruguru, igice kibabaza cyane cyinganda zifotora mumashanyarazi mumwaka wa 2022 nigisigisigi gikabije cya silicon wafers, muribo abakora umwuga wa silicon kabuhariwe cyane;abishimye baracyari ibigo bya silicon, kandi abayobozi bazunguka byinshi.
Kugeza ubu, ubushobozi bwo gutera inkunga ibigo bifotora byongerewe imbaraga, ariko iterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga ryatumye umutungo wihuta.Ni muri urwo rwego, guhuza vertical ni inkota ityaye, cyane cyane mumirongo ibiri aho bateri nibikoresho bya silicon byashowe cyane.Ubufatanye ninzira nziza.
Hamwe no kuvugurura inyungu zinganda no kwinjira kwabakinnyi bashya, imiterere yapiganwa yinganda zifotora mumashanyarazi muri 2022 nayo izaba ifite impinduka nini.
Bitewe nintego zibiri za karubone, abinjira bashya benshi bashora imari mubikorwa byo gufotora, bizana imbogamizi zikomeye kumasosiyete gakondo yifotora kandi bishobora gutuma habaho impinduka zifatika mubikorwa byinganda.
Nibwo bwa mbere mu mateka umurwa mukuru wambukiranya imipaka winjira mu mafoto manini cyane.Abinjira bashya burigihe bafite amahirwe yo gutangira batinze, kandi abakinyi bakera badafite irushanwa ryibanze birashoboka ko bakurwaho byoroshye nabashya bafite ubutunzi bukize.
4 station Ikwirakwizwa ryamashanyarazi ntikiri uruhare rwo gushyigikira
Sitasiyo yamashanyarazi nu murongo wo hasi wamafoto.Muri 2022, ingufu za sitasiyo yububiko zashyizweho nazo zizerekana ibintu bishya.
Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque arashobora kugabanwa muburyo bubiri: guhuriza hamwe no gukwirakwizwa.Iyanyuma igabanijwemo inganda nubucuruzi no gukoresha urugo.Kwungukira mu gushimangira politiki na politiki yo gutanga amafaranga 3 kuri kilowatt-isaha y'amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwabakoresha bwarazamutse cyane;mugihe ubushobozi bwashyizwe hamwe bwagabanutse kubera izamuka ryibiciro, amahirwe yo kugabura ubushobozi yashizwemo muri 2021 azagera ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi igipimo cyubushobozi bwose bwashyizweho nacyo kiziyongera.Super yibanze hagati yambere mumateka.
Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira 2021, gukwirakwiza ubushobozi bwashyizweho byari 19GW, bingana na 65% byubushobozi bwose bwashyizweho mugihe kimwe, aho imikoreshereze yurugo yiyongereyeho 106% umwaka ushize igera kuri 13.6GW, niyo soko nyamukuru ya ubushobozi bushya.
Kuva kera, isoko ryamashanyarazi yagabanijwe ryatejwe imbere cyane cyane nabikorera kubera gucikamo ibice n'ubunini.Ubushobozi bushobora gushyirwaho bwo gukwirakwiza amafoto mu gihugu burenga 500GW.Ariko rero, kubera kutumva neza politiki za guverinoma ninzego zibanze ndetse no kutagira igenamigambi rusange, akaduruvayo gakunze kugaragara mubikorwa nyirizina.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zifotora mu Bushinwa, mu Bushinwa hamenyekanye igipimo cy’imishinga minini y’ibanze ingana na 60GW, kandi umubare rusange w’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi mu ntara 19 (uturere n’imijyi) ni 89.28 GW.
Hashingiwe kuri ibi, urebye ibiteganijwe kugabanuka ku giciro cy’uruganda, Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda mu mafoto mu Bushinwa rivuga ko ubushobozi bw’amafoto mashya mu 2022 buzaba burenga 75GW.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2022